The evidence, by benefit.
Every benefit we claim traces back to published literature. Papers are grouped by what they support, not by molecule.
Why does mobility change with age?
Cartilage, muscle and recovery all change as dogs get older, and comfortable movement becomes the single biggest driver of quality of life. Our formulation targets joint comfort, muscle maintenance and recovery after activity.
- Astaxanthin
- Omega-3 DHA
- Sulphur amino acids
- 2019
Effects of astaxanthin supplementation in healthy and obese dogs
T. Murai et al.
A canine study of astaxanthin supplementation reporting changes in antioxidant function and lipid-related markers.
- 2018 · Frontiers in Nutrition
Astaxanthin in exercise metabolism, performance and recovery: a review
D. R. Brown et al.
Review of astaxanthin in exercise metabolism, muscle recovery and performance research.
- 2026 · Nutrients
The effects of astaxanthin supplementation on exercise metabolism, performance and recovery
S. Liu et al.
Recent review of evidence on markers of muscle damage, soreness and recovery.
Why does immunity need daily support?
Immune responses become less balanced with age. Naturally occurring antioxidant compounds are studied for their role in supporting a healthy, measured immune response.
- C-Phycocyanin
- Glutathione
- 1998 · Inflammation Research
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of C-phycocyanin from blue-green algae
C. Romay, J. Armesto, D. Remirez et al.
Foundational study of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of C-phycocyanin.
- 2022
Phycocyanin: anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism
R. Liu et al.
Mechanism-focused publication on how phycocyanin acts on inflammatory pathways.
Why do antioxidants matter as dogs age?
Everyday metabolism produces oxidative stress. Over years, that load contributes to how an animal ages. Antioxidant support is the most studied nutritional lever for healthy ageing.
- C-Phycocyanin
- Astaxanthin
- Glutathione
- Taurine
- 2003 · Current Protein & Peptide Science
C-phycocyanin: a biliprotein with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects
C. Romay, R. González, N. Ledón et al.
Canonical review of C-phycocyanin across antioxidant and neuroprotective mechanisms.
- 2022
Cell adaptation of the extremophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria 074W
P. Perez Saura et al.
How Galdieria adapts at a cellular level to extreme, high-stress environments.
- 2024
Significance and applications of the thermo-acidophilic microalga Galdieria sulphuraria
B. Retta et al.
Recent review of the biology and nutritional applications of Galdieria sulphuraria.
Why start with digestion?
Nutrients only help if they are digested and absorbed. Functional carbohydrates and fibre are studied for their role in slow, steady digestion and digestive comfort.
- Hyperbranched glycogen
- Floridoside
- Prebiotic fibre
- 2016 · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
Characterization of the highly branched glycogen from the thermoacidophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria
M. Martinez-Garcia et al.
Characterises the unusually highly branched glycogen produced by Galdieria.
- 2017 · Carbohydrate Polymers
The glycogen of Galdieria sulphuraria as an alternative to starch for slowly digestible and resistant glucose polymers
M. Martinez-Garcia et al.
Explores slowly digestible and resistant glucose polymers as a functional carbohydrate source.
- 2024
The production and characteristics of glycogen synthesized by Galdieria strains
A. P. Kristijarti et al.
Research on production and properties of glycogen across Galdieria strains.
Why does the coat show it first?
Coat quality is one of the earliest visible signals of nutritional status. Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant compounds are the best-studied contributors.
- Omega-3 DHA
- Astaxanthin
- 2016
Floridoside production by the red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria under different conditions of growth and osmotic stress
Multiple authors
How protective molecules accumulate in response to environmental stress.
Why does protein quality matter?
Older dogs lose muscle more easily. Protein quality, and in particular sulphur amino acids, supports maintenance and recovery rather than simply adding bulk protein.
- Sulphur amino acids
- Taurine
- 2022 · Plants
Sulfur starvation in the extremophilic microalga Galdieria sulphuraria
G. Salbitani et al.
Reports the biological effects of sulphur deprivation, relevant to Galdieria's sulphur biology.
- 2017
Functional carbohydrates from the red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria
M. M. Garcia, University of Groningen
Positions Galdieria as a source of functional compounds beyond simple algae biomass.
References available on request.
We are happy to share the full reference list, including the literature that informed our ingredient selection.
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